Charlmagne (the Hammer) April 2 742 – January 28 814

Charlemagne's physical empire was blessed by the Christian Leaders who feared losing their battle between the Muslims and Pagans. Charlemagne hammered up a fence between the Muslim outer world and the Christian inner world.

But Charlemagne re-opened the battle between the empire and papacy.

A thorny rose of cultural renewal grew between the fence posts.